A Cross-Sectional Investigation On The Correlation Between Clinical And Histological Diagnosis And Their Associated Risk Factors Following Gynecological Hysterectomy

The current study's main goals were to ascertain surgical outcomes, related risk variables, uterine specimen histological patterns, and the relationship between pre-operative clinical and histological diagnoses in Pakistan. The study surveyed patients who underwent elective gynecological hysterectomy at Alqurayyat General Hospital and CMH Institute of Medical Sciences in Bahawalpur, Pakistan, from June 2023 to April 2024. Factors like age, parity, hypertension, diabetes, hemoglobin level, and prior surgery were considered. Data was collected through questionnaires, face-to-face interviews, and follow-up interviews. The study used descriptive statistics, frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation to represent categorical and numerical data, with a 95% confidence level to assess the relationship between variables. Individuals in the research varied in age from 26 to 65+ years old, having a mean age of 48.8 ± 8.6 years; 8.4% were nulliparous, while the remaining participants had a mean parity of 3.3 and a standard deviation 2.0. Of the study participants, 44.9% were overweight while only 13.5% had abdominal procedures before a hysterectomy. 94% of females had an abdominal hysterectomy which was most prevalent kind. Obese women face a higher risk of surgical complications after gynecological hysterectomy, with a threefold increase in risk compared to non-obese women. Histopathological findings reveal uterine fibroid, atrophic endometrium, secretory phase endometrium, and tumors, with chronic cervicitis being the most common. The research found that 42% of gynecological hysterectomy patients faced challenges, with uterine fibroids being the most common reason. Longer hospitalizations, overweight patients, and chronic cervicitis were common risks. Histological findings were consistent with clinical diagnoses.