Association of Maternal Habitual Short Sleep Duration in Early Pregnancy and Glucose Concentration in Later Pregnancy: Increased Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

The purpose of this study is to determine whether habitually low sleep duration by mothers in the early stages of pregnancy is associated with higher blood glucose concentration later in pregnancy and a higher risk of gestational diabetes mellitus. A study involving 106 women from gynecology and obstetrics departments at Muhammad College of Medicine/Muhammad Teaching Hospital in Peshawar and Gujranwala Medical College Teaching Hospital in Gujranwala, Pakistan. The study categorized participants based on sleep duration and snoring frequency. Data analysis identified possible confounders and adjusted for mother's age. A practical sampling technique was used to determine the sample size. Just 106 ladies took part in the analysis study during November 2023 to March 2024. 51.5% of the respondents were older than 35 and had average sleep length with a substantial p-value (0.002), while the majority of respondents (58%) were younger than 35 and had short sleep duration. The majority of the females had pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m2) and were overweight, with 72% having normal sleep duration and 67% having short sleep duration (p-value < 0.001). The risk of GDM was statistically significantly (p-value = 0.003) higher in women who were overweight and snorers. It is determined that pregnant women over the median age of 35 who are multiparous are more likely to have shorter sleep intervals than 4.5% of expecting moms who have short sleep durations during the first month of their pregnancy.