CORRELATION OF HbA1c WITH SERUM ELECTROLYTES IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE-II DIABETES MELLITUS AND THEIR ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS

The current study was aimed to assess the correlation of HbA1c with serum electrolytes in patients with type-II diabetes mellitus and their associated risk factors. The prospective study was carried out from January 20 to June 20, 2024, at the Lahore Medical & Dental College/Ghurki Trust & Teaching Hospital in Pakistan, in the Department of Internal Medicine. 249 patients with diabetes who participated in subsequent appointments were included in the research. The study collected data on anthropometric and clinical using a questionnaire, excluding diabetes Type-I patients or that receiving diuresis treatment. It included BMI computation, HbA1c and electrolyte analyses, blood samples, and classification based on sodium and potassium concentrations. Data was analyzed for clarity and completeness using SPSS 26. There were 64% were females and 36% were male following age group of 32-40 years (44.8%) and 36.2% were from 41≤ age group. As shown in Table 2, serum levels of Na+ and Mg2+ were significantly decreased (P < 0.01), while Ca2+ level was significantly increased for both genders in the DM group (P < 0.01). Serum Na+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ levels showed trends in the patients (P < 0.01). The study revealed negative correlations between HbA1c and serum potassium, highlighting abnormal blood electrolyte levels in diabetic patients, particularly in older ones. The findings underscore the need for comprehensive diabetic treatment strategies.