The Effect of Long-Term Contact of Butterfly Pea Flower (Clitoria ternatea L.) and Jasmine Flower (Jasminum sambac L.) Extracts as Biolarvicide on Instar III Aedes sp.

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) remains a major public health concern, primarily transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. This study aimed to investigate the larvicidal potential of butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea L.) and jasmine (Jasminum sambac L.) flower extracts against third-instar Aedes sp. larvae. A true experimental design with control groups was employed, including negative control (distilled water), positive control (Abate 1%), and treatment groups exposed to extract concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%, each replicated six times. Larval mortality was recorded at 3, 6, and 12 hours following exposure. Probit analysis was conducted to determine LC₅₀ values with 95% confidence intervals. The findings demonstrated that larval mortality increased proportionally with both extract concentration and exposure duration. After 12 hours, mortality ranged from 22.5% at 10% concentration to 79.17% at 50%, while the positive control achieved 97.5%. LC₅₀ values decreased from 50% at 3 hours to 29.4% at 12 hours, indicating higher efficacy with prolonged exposure. The larvicidal effect is attributed to bioactive compounds including flavonoids, saponins, tannins, alkaloids, and cyclotides, which interfere with larval digestion, metabolism, and cellular integrity. These results highlight the potential of butterfly pea and jasmine flower extracts as environmentally friendly natural larvicides, with further studies recommended to optimize their formulation and practical application in vector control.